Why Are Eye Examinations at an Infancy Stage Essential

Detecting and treating ocular disorders in children early is crucial to prevent long-term visual impairment. Regular eye examinations should commence during the newborn period and continue. These examinations aim to identify any structural abnormalities in the eyes, such as cataracts, corneal opacities, and ptosis, which are known to cause visual problems. The American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, and the American Academy of Ophthalmology all endorse assessing vision from birth. If an ocular abnormality is detected or a child fails the vision assessment, referring them to a pediatric ophthalmologist or an eye care specialist with appropriate expertise in treating pediatric patients is essential.

Vision screening schedule for infants

Your doctor will give you a vision screening schedule to follow.

Newborns

Upon birth, pediatricians need to conduct thorough eye examinations to detect any birth abnormalities, infections, cataracts, or glaucoma. Premature infants may require specialized examinations by an eye doctor immediately after birth.

Birth to six months

During this period, discuss any family history of childhood vision issues with your paediatrician. The doctor will examine the red reflex, which involves shining light through the pupil to assess the back of the eye. They will also assess the eye's size, shape, and external structures.

Six months and up

Pediatricians will continue to examine the red reflex, pupils, and external eye structures. Additionally, they will evaluate whether each of your child's eyes can track and follow objects or faces appropriately. The doctor will also watch for signs of strabismus, characterized by eye misalignment or a "wandering eye."

1 to 2 years

Around this age, instrument-based screening devices may be introduced for vision screening. These tools can include photo screeners and autorefractors, which are computer-automated devices utilizing light and cameras to evaluate your child's visual acuity.

Conclusion

If your child does not pass a vision screening, visit an eye doctor. The eye doctor will examine your child's eyes, which may involve dilating the pupils using eye drops. Following this, the eye doctor may suggest eyeglasses or other forms of treatment.